Ikhodi ye-hardness yensimbi inguH. Ngokuya ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlola izinkuni, izethulo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi i-Brinell (HB), ama-VIClell (HS), u-Leeb (HS), njll), njll), njll), njll. I-HB inohlu olubanzi lwezicelo, futhi i-HRC ilungele izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu, njengokushisa kokushisa bulukhuni. Umehluko ukuthi umsunguli we-Hardeness Proper uhlukile. Umhloli we-Brinell Hurneness uyi-Indenter Well, ngenkathi i-Roclewwell Hardeness Protenter iyi-indenter yedayimane.
I-HV-ilungele ukuhlaziywa kwemicroscope. Ubulukhuni be-Vickers (HV) Cindezela indawo ebonakalayo enomthwalo ongaphansi kwe-120kg kanye ne-diamor skwele yesigaxa se-indenter nge-vertex angle ka-136 °. Indawo engaphezulu komgodi wokufundisa ngezinto ezibonakalayo ihlukaniswe yinani lomthwalo, okuyi-valuevers hardness value (HV). Ubulukhuni bama-Vickers buvezwa njenge-HV (bhekisa ku-GB / T4340-1999), futhi ikala amasampula amancane kakhulu.
I-HL Hartness Tesser ilungele ukukalwa. Isebenzisa ikhanda lebhola lomthelela ukuze lithinte indawo ebucayi futhi ukhiqize i-bounce. Ubulukhuni bubalwa ngesilinganiso sejubane lokuvuselela i-punch ku-1mm kusuka endaweni yesampula kuya phezulu. Ifomula yile: Leeb Hardness HL = 1000 × VB (ijubane kabusha) / VA (Ijubane lomthelela).
Umhloli we-Leeb Hardness ophathekayo angaguqulwa abe yi-Brinell (HB), RocKwell (HRC), amaVickers (HV), ukukalwa kwansi (HS) kwesilinganiso se-Leeb (HL). Noma sebenzisa umgomo we-Leeb ukukala ngokuqondile inani lobulukhuni nge-Brinell (HB), Rockell (HRC), amaVickers (HV), Leeb (HS), i-HS).
I-HB - Ubulukhuni Brinell:
I-Brinell Hardness (HB) isetshenziswa ngokuvamile lapho okuqukethwe kuthambile, njengezinsimbi ezingezona ze-Ferrous, insimbi ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa noma ngemuva kokukhulisa. I-Rocwell Hardness (HRC) isetshenziselwa izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphakeme, njengokulukhuni ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, njll.
I-Brinell Hardness (HB) ingumthwalo wokuhlola ngosayizi othile. Ibhola lensimbi elukhuni noma ibhola le-carbide le-ububanzi obuthile licindezelwa endaweni yensimbi ukuze ihlolwe. Umthwalo wokuhlola unakekelwa isikhathi esibekiwe, bese umthwalo ususiwe ukukala ububanzi be-induction ebusweni ukuze uhlolwe. Inani le-Brinell Hardness Value liyisilinganiso esitholwe ngokuhlukanisa umthwalo yindawo ye-spherical surface of the induction. Ngokuvamile, ibhola lensimbi elukhuni ngosayizi othile (imvamisa i-10mm ububanzi) icindezelwa endaweni ebonakalayo ngomthwalo othile (imvamisa 3000kg) futhi igcinwe isikhathi esithile. Ngemuva kokuthi umthwalo ususiwe, isilinganiso somthwalo endaweni yokufaka i-inentation yinani le-brinell hardness value (HB), kanye neyunithi yikhilogremu amandla / mm2 (n / mm2).
Ubulukhuni be-Rocwell bunquma inkomba yenani lezinkomba ezisuselwa ekujuleni kwepulasitiki kwe-induction. I-0.002 mm isetshenziswa njengeyunithi lobulukhuni. Lapho i-HB> 450 noma isampula incane kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-Brinell Harveness akunakusetshenziswa futhi kusetshenziswe ukulinganiswa kobunzima. Isebenzisa isigaxa sedayimane nge-vertex angle ye-vertex ° noma ibhola lensimbi elinobubanzi obungu-1.59 noma i-3.18mm ukucindezela ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphansi kovivinyo olungaphansi komthwalo othile, futhi ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo bubalwa kusukela ekujuleni kwe-induction. Ngokwabulukhuni bezinto zokuhlola, kuvezwa ezikalini ezintathu ezahlukene:
I-HRA: Kunzima okutholwe ngokusebenzisa umthwalo we-60kg kanye ne-indenter ye-DEAMETE yedayimane, esetshenziselwa izinto ezinobulukhuni obukhulu kakhulu (njenge-carbide eyenziwe ngesibili, njll.).
I-HRB: Kunzima okutholwe ngokusebenzisa umthwalo we-100kg kanye nebhola lensimbi oluqinile elinobubanzi obungu-1.58mm, osetshenziselwa izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphansi (njengensimbi evulekile, i-iron iron, njll.).
I-HRC: Kunzima okutholwe ngokusebenzisa umthwalo we-150kg kanye ne-indenter ye-DEAMEME, esetshenziselwa izinto ezinobulukhuni obukhulu (njengensimbi eqinile, njll.).
Ngaphezu kwalokho:
I-1.HRC isho isikali se-rockwell c
I-2.HRC ne-HB isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni.
I-3.hRC I-HANCEAY HARD HRC 20-67, okulingana ne-HB225-650,
Uma ubulukhuni buphakeme kunalolu banga, sebenzisa ubulukhuni be-rockwell i-HRA ye-HRA,
Uma ubulukhuni bungaphansi kwalolu banga, sebenzisa i-rockwell hardness b scole hrb,
Umkhawulo ophezulu wobulukhuni be-brinell yi-HB650, engeke iphakeme kunaleli nani.
I-Indenter of Rocwell Hardness Tenter C Umthwalo wokuhlola uyinani elithile. I-Chinese Standard ingu-150 kgf. I-Indenter of Brinell Harveness Tester iyibhola lensimbi elukhuni (HBS) noma ibhola le-carbide (HBW). Umthwalo wokuhlola uhlukahluka nobubanzi bebhola, kusukela ngo-3000 kuya ku-31.25 kgf.
5.The Rocwell Hardness Indentation incane kakhulu, futhi inani elilinganisiwe lenziwa. Kuyadingeka ukukala amaphuzu athile ukuthola inani elijwayelekile. Ilungele imikhiqizo eqediwe kanye nezingcezu ezincanyana futhi ihlukaniswa njengokuhlolwa okungeyona eyonakalisayo. I-Brinell Hardness Indentation inkulu, inani elilinganisiwe linembile, alilungele imikhiqizo eqediwe kanye nezingcezu ezincanyana, futhi ngokuvamile azihlukaniswa njengokuhlolwa okungabhubhisi.
I-6. Ubulukhuni be-hardness Hurdness iyinombolo engabingeliwe ngaphandle kwamayunithi. (Ngakho-ke, akulungile ukubiza ubulukhuni be-RocKwell njengezinga elithile.) Inani lobulukhuni lobulukhuni be-brinell linamayunithi futhi linobudlelwano obulinganayo nabanamandla alinganiselwe.
7. Ubulukhuni Rocwell buboniswa ngqo ekudayisweni noma okuboniswe ngokwedijithali. Kulula ukusebenza, okusheshayo futhi okubonakalayo, futhi kufanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo. Ubulukhuni be-Brinell budinga i-microscope ukukala ububanzi be-induction, bese ubheka itafula noma ukubala, okuwukuthi kukhululeke ngokwengeziwe.
8. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, i-HB ne-HRC ingashintshwa ngokubheka itafula. Ifomula yokubalwa kwengqondo ingaqoshwa cishe ngokuthi: 1hrc≈1 / 10hb.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hardness kuyindlela elula futhi elula yokuhlola ekuhlolweni kwempahla emishini. Ukuze usebenzise ukuhlolwa kanzima ukuze ungene esikhundleni sokuhlolwa okuthile kwemishini, ubudlelwano obunembe ngokwengeziwe phakathi kobulukhuni namandla adingekayo ekukhiqizweni.
Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi kunobudlelwano obulinganayo phakathi kwamanani ahlukahlukene okuqina wezinto zokwakha insimbi naphakathi kwenani lokuqina nobulukhuni. Ngoba inani lobulukhuni linqunywa ukumelana nokuqina kwepulasitiki kokuqala kanye nokumelana nokuqina kwepulasitiki okuqhubekayo, kukhuphuka amandla okuqukethwe, okuphezulu kokumelana kwepulasitiki, kanye nenani eliphakeme kakhulu.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-16-2024
