Emikhiqizweni yezimboni, insimbi yegiya isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa amandla zemishini ehlukahlukene yemishini ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokukhathala. Izinga layo lithinta ngqo ikhwalithi nempilo yemishini. Ngakho-ke, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yensimbi yegiya kubaluleke kakhulu. Lapho ukhetha, amandla ayo, ukuqina kanye nokumelana nokugqoka kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ngaphambi kokucubungula insimbi yegiya, sidinga ukuhlaziya ukwakheka kwe-metallographic, ubulukhuni, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, njll. Isakhiwo se-metallographic nobulukhuni bensimbi yegiya yizinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola izici zayo zokusebenzisa, imiphumela yokwelapha ukushisa nempilo yesevisi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwensimbi yegiya kufanele kulandele ngokuqinile inqubo ejwayelekile, futhi yakhe uhlelo lokuhlola olususelwa kuzici zezinto ezibonakalayo nezimo zokusebenza:
Okokuqala, ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic. Isakhiwo se-metallographic sensimbi yegiya sinethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo, njengokujula kwesendlalelo se-carburized, usayizi wokusanhlamvu, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-carbide, njll. Kuyadingeka ukunquma izinyathelo zokuhlaziya, njengesampula, ukulungiswa kwesampula, ukugqwala, bese ubheka isakhiwo. Kungase futhi kudingeke ukuba kukhulunywe ngezinhlobo zezicubu ezivamile, njenge-martensite, i-bainite, i-pearlite, nendlela yokuhlola ukuthi lezi zicubu ziyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso.
Bese kulandela ukuhlolwa kokuqina. Ukuqina kwensimbi yegiya kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokumelana nokugqoka namandla. Izindlela zokuhlola ubulukhuni ezijwayelekile zifaka ubulukhuni be-Rockwell, ubulukhuni be-Brinell, ubulukhuni be-Vickers, futhi ngokunokwenzeka ubulukhuni be-Rockwell obungaphezulu kwezingqimba ezishisiwe. Kuyadingeka ukuchaza izimo ezisebenzayo zezindlela zokuhlola ezahlukahlukene, njenge-Vickers noma i-Rockwell engaphezulu yezendlalelo ezishisiwe, kanye ne-Brinell noma i-Rockwell yobulukhuni bubonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindinganiso zokuhlola, njenge-ASTM noma i-GB, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, njengokukhethwa kwamaphuzu okuhlola, ukwelashwa kwendawo, njll., kufanele kukhulunywe.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, okokuqala sidinga ukusika nokusampula insimbi yegiya. Ngezansi sisebenzisa umshini wokusika wesampula we-metallographic ngokunemba njengesibonelo sokubonisa inqubo yokusika isampula.
1. Khipha ucezu lokusebenzela bese uluqinisa nge-clamp esheshayo.
2. Ngemva kokubopha i-workpiece, gqoka ikhava yokuzivikela.
3. Setha imingcele yokusika esikrinini bese uqala uhlelo lokusika
4. Vula ikhava engenhla bese ukhipha isampula esikiwe ukuze uqedele inqubo yokusika isampula.
Amasampula asikiwe angasetshenziselwa izinqubo zokulungiselela isampula ezilandelayo njengokukhweza, ukugaya, nokupholisha, ngemva kwalokho ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwegiya noma ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic kungenziwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-02-2025
