Njengezingxenye eziyinhloko, amabhlogo esilinda senjini kanye namakhanda esilinda kumele amelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezela, aqinisekise ukuvalwa okuthembekile, futhi anikeze ukuhambisana okuhle kokuhlanganiswa. Izinkomba zabo zobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kanye nokuhlolwa kokunemba kobukhulu, konke kudinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kusetshenziswa imishini yokunemba. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kwamabhlogo esilinda kanye namakhanda kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlola izakhiwo zemishini zezinto, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyahlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo.
Abahloli bokuqina beRockwell bafanelekela ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezindawo ezinkulu, ezisicaba njengezindiza ze-cylinder block (isb., izindawo zokubopha ikhanda lesilinda, ama-bottom e-cylinder block) kanye nobuso bokuphela kwemigodi ye-crankshaft. Ukuze kuhlolwe ikhwalithi eku-inthanethi emigqeni yokukhiqiza, izidingo zokuhlola ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zinganikezwa. Abahloli bokuqina beRockwell abazenzakalelayo ngokuphelele bangahlanganiswa nomugqa wokukhiqiza ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okungahleliwe, okunemiphumela esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nemiphumela ezinzile. Le ndlela yokuhlola isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni okukhulu kwezingxenye zezimoto futhi ihambisana namazinga e-ISO 6508 kanye ne-ASTM E18.
Abahloli bokuqina beBrinell bayasebenza ekuhlolweni kokuqina kwezikhala ze-cylinder block kanye nezingxenye ezinodonga olujiyile (isb., izindonga ze-cylinder block), futhi bafaneleka kakhulu ekuhloleni ikhwalithi yokubumba kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kokushisa kwama-cast iron cylinder blocks. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa kweBrinell kushiya ukugoba okukhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kugwenywe ezingxenyeni ezonakala kalula njengezindawo zangaphakathi zodonga lwesilinda kanye nezindawo ezisebenza ngomshini oqondile.
Abahloli bokuqina be-Vickers bafanelekela ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane zamabhulokhi esilinda e-aluminium alloy, izindawo zangaphakathi ze-cylinder liner (ukugwema ukulimaza izindawo zokuvala), kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-hardness gradient kwezendlalelo eziphathwe ngokushisa kanye nezingubo (isb., izendlalelo ezine-nitride, izendlalelo ezicishiwe) ezindaweni ze-cylinder block. Le ndlela yokuhlola ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlola ngokunemba kwezindiza kanye nezinjini zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ihambisana nezindinganiso ze-ISO 6507 kanye ne-ASTM E92.
Ngokusho kwamabhulokhi esilinda kanye namakhanda esilinda enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene, izikali zobulukhuni ezilandelayo zingabhekiselwa kuzo:
| Ingxenye | Izinto Ezivamile | Ibanga Lokubhekisela Kokuqina (HB/HV/HRC) | Inhloso Yokuhlola Okuyinhloko |
| Ibhulokhi Yesilinda Yensimbi Ebunjiwe | I-HT250/HT300 (Insimbi Empunga Ebunjiwe), Insimbi Yegrafiti Engaguquki | 180-240HB20-28HRC | Qinisekisa ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokuguquguquka |
| Ibhulokhi ye-Aluminium Alloy Cylinder | A356+T6, AlSi11Cu2Mg | 85-130 HB90-140 HV 15-25 HRC | Amandla okulinganisela kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemishini |
| Ikhanda le-Cast Iron Cylinder | I-HT200/HT250, Insimbi Ehlanganisiwe | 170-220 HB18-26 HRC | Imelana nomthelela wokushisa okuphezulu futhi uqinisekise ukuqina kobuso bokuvala |
| Ikhanda le-Aluminium Alloy Cylinder | A356+T7, AlSi12Cu1Mg1Ni | 75-110 HB80-120 HV 12-20 HRC | Linganisa impahla elula, ukushabalalisa ukushisa kanye namandla esakhiwo |
Ngokwezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola zamabhulokhi esilinda senjini, iLaizhou Laihua inganikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe emikhiqizweni ethile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amamodeli ajwayelekile, amamodeli enziwe ngokwezifiso ohla oluphelele lwabahloli bokuqina beRockwell, Brinell, kanye neVickers, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinto ezikhethekile ezenzelwe imikhiqizo—konke okuhloswe ngakho ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuhlola kanye nokunemba kokulinganisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-04-2025
