Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi umhloli wobulukhuni usebenza kahle?
1. Umhloli wobulukhuni kufanele aqinisekiswe ngokugcwele kanye ngenyanga.
2. Indawo yokufaka isihloli sokuqina kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile, engenazo izithintitha futhi engagqwali, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwethuluzi ngesikhathi sokulinganisa kanye nokuqina nokuthembeka kwenani ngesikhathi sokuhlola.
3. Lapho umhloli wobulukhuni esebenza, akuvunyelwe ukuthinta ngqo ubuso bensimbi okufanele ilinganiswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunemba kokulinganisa okunganembile noma kulimaze i-indenter yekhoni yedayimane ekhanda lomhloli wobulukhuni.
4. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-indenter yedayimane, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuqeda kobuso be-indenter kanye ngonyaka. Ngemva kokulinganisa ngakunye, i-indenter kufanele ibuyiselwe ebhokisini elikhethekile ukuze igcinwe.
Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokuhlola ubulukhuni:
Ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuqapha lapho usebenzisa abahloli bokuqina abahlukahlukene, kunezinye izinkinga ezivamile okufanele ziqashelwe, ezibalwe ngezansi:
1. Umhloli wobulukhuni uqobo uzokhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili zamaphutha: enye iphutha elibangelwa ukuguquguquka nokunyakaza kwezingxenye zalo; enye iphutha elibangelwa ipharamitha yobulukhuni edlula indinganiso echaziwe. Ngephutha lesibili, umhloli wobulukhuni udinga ukulinganiswa ngebhulokhi ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokulinganiswa. Ngemiphumela yokulinganisa yomhloli wobulukhuni waseRockwell, umehluko ufanelekile ngaphakathi kuka-±1. Inani lokulungisa linganikezwa ngenani elizinzile elinomehluko ngaphakathi kuka-±2. Uma umehluko ungaphandle kwebanga lika-±2, kuyadingeka ukulinganisa nokulungisa umhloli wobulukhuni noma ukushintshela kwezinye izindlela zokuhlola ubulukhuni.
Isikali ngasinye sokuqina kweRockwell sinobubanzi bokusetshenziswa, okufanele sikhethwe kahle ngokwemithethonqubo. Isibonelo, lapho ubunzima buphakeme kune-HRB100, isikali se-HRC kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuhlola; lapho ubunzima buphansi kune-HRC20, isikali se-HRB kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuhlola. Ngenxa yokuthi ukunemba nokuzwela komhloli wokuqina kuphansi lapho ububanzi bokuhlola budlula, futhi inani lokuqina linganembile, alifanele ukusetshenziswa. Ezinye izindlela zokuhlola ubunzima nazo zinezindinganiso zokulinganisa ezihambisanayo. Ibhlokhi elijwayelekile elisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa umhloli wokuqina alikwazi ukusetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, ngoba ubunzima bohlangothi olujwayelekile kanye nohlangothi lwangemuva alufani ngempela. Ngokuvamile kushiwo ukuthi ibhlokhi elijwayelekile lisebenza phakathi nonyaka owodwa kusukela ngosuku lokulinganisa.
2. Uma ushintsha i-indenter noma i-anvil, qaphela ukuhlanza izingxenye zokuthintana. Ngemva kokuyishintsha, yivivinye izikhathi eziningana ngesampula yensimbi yobunzima obuthile kuze kube yilapho inani lobunzima elitholwe kabili lilandelana lifana. Inhloso ukwenza i-indenter noma i-anvil kanye nengxenye yokuthintana yomshini wokuhlola kucindezelwe ngokuqinile futhi kuthintane kahle, ukuze kungathinti ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
3. Ngemva kokuthi umhloli wobulukhuni eselungisiwe, lapho uqala ukukala ubulukhuni, iphuzu lokuqala lokuhlola alisetshenziswa. Ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi isampula ne-anvil ngeke kuthinteke kahle, inani elilinganisiwe alilungile. Ngemva kokuthi iphuzu lokuqala selihloliwe futhi umhloli wobulukhuni esesesimweni esijwayelekile sokusebenza, isampula iyahlolwa ngokusemthethweni bese inani lobulukhuni elilinganisiwe liyaqoshwa.
4. Uma ingxenye yokuhlola ivuma, ngokuvamile khetha izingxenye ezahlukene ukuze uhlole okungenani amanani amathathu obulukhuni, uthathe inani elimaphakathi, bese uthatha inani elimaphakathi njengenani lobulukhuni bengxenye yokuhlola.
5. Ezingcezwini zokuhlola ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kufanele kusetshenziswe amaphedi ezimo ezifanayo, futhi angahlolwa ngemva kokulungiswa. Ingcezwi yokuhlola eyindilinga ngokuvamile ifakwa emseleni omise okwe-V ukuze ihlolwe.
6. Ngaphambi kokulayisha, hlola ukuthi isibambo sokulayisha sibekwe endaweni yokukhulula imithwalo. Uma ulayisha, isenzo kufanele sibe lula futhi sizinzile, futhi ungasebenzisi amandla amaningi. Ngemva kokulayisha, isibambo sokulayisha kufanele sibekwe endaweni yokukhulula imithwalo, ukuze kuvinjelwe ithuluzi ukuthi lingabi ngaphansi komthwalo isikhathi eside, okubangela ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki futhi kuthinte ukunemba kokulinganisa.
U-Vickers, ukuqina kwe-Rockwell
Ubulukhuni: Yikhono lento yokumelana nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki yendawo, futhi ikakhulukazi kulinganiswa ngendlela yokufakwa kwembobo.
Qaphela: Amanani obulukhuni awakwazi ukuqhathaniswa ngqo, futhi angaguqulwa kuphela ngethebula lokuqhathanisa ubulukhuni.
Ngo-2019, iShandong Shancai Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. yajoyina iNational Testing Machine Standardization Technical Committee futhi yabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezindinganiso ezimbili zikazwelonke.
1. GB/T 230.2-2022:"Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina Kwezinto Zensimbi eRockwell Ingxenye 2: Ukuhlolwa Nokulinganiswa Kwabahloli Bokuqina Nezikhombisi"
2. GB/T 231.2-2022:"Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina Kwezinto Zensimbi Ingxenye 2: Ukuhlolwa Nokulinganiswa Kwabahloli Bokuqina"
Ngo-2021, iShandong Shancai yabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwephrojekthi yokuhlola ubulukhuni eku-inthanethi ngokuzenzakalelayo yamapayipi enjini yezindiza, yanikela embonini yezindiza ezweni lakubo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-29-2022
