Indlela Yokuhlola Okwenziwa Ngomshini Wezicathulo Zamabhuleki Ezisetshenziswa Esitokweni Esigoqekayo (Isivivinyo Sokukhetha Izicathulo Zamabhuleki Sokuqina)

Ukukhethwa kwemishini yokuhlola imishini yezicathulo zamabhuleki ensimbi ensimbi kufanele kuhambisane nendinganiso: ICS 45.060.20. Le ndinganiso icacisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili:

1. Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina

Kuzokwenziwa ngokuhambisana nezinhlinzeko ze-ISO 6892-1:2019. Ubukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yokucubungula amasampula athambile kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ze-ISO 185:2005.

2. Indlela Yokuhlola Ubulukhuni

Kuzosetshenziswa ngokuhambisana ne-ISO 6506-1:2014. Amasampula okuqina kufanele asikwe engxenyeni engezansi yebha yokuhlola ehlukanisiwe; uma kungekho bha yokuhlola, kufanele kuthathwe isicathulo esisodwa samabhuleki, u-6mm - 10mm kufanele ubekwe eceleni kwaso, futhi ubunzima buzolinganiswa ngamaphuzu okuhlola angu-4, kanti inani elimaphakathi liwumphumela wokuhlola.

Isisekelo Sendlela Yokuhlola Ubulukhuni

I-ISO 6506-1:2014 ejwayelekile ethi “Metallic Materials – Brinell Hardness Test – Ingxenye 1: Test Method” ichaza umgomo, izimpawu kanye nezincazelo, imishini yokuhlola, amasampula, izinqubo zokuhlola, ukungaqiniseki kwemiphumela kanye nombiko wokuhlola wokuhlolwa kobulukhuni beBrinell kwezinto zensimbi.

2.1 Ukukhethwa Kwemishini Yokuhlola: Isivivinyo Sokuqina Kwe-Brinell (Kunconywa Okokuqala)

Izinzuzo: Indawo yokugoba inkulu, engabonisa ubulukhuni bezinto zensimbi ephonswe (insimbi ephonswe ingaba nesakhiwo esingalingani), futhi imiphumela imelela kakhulu.

Ifaneleka ngensimbi eqinile nephakathi nendawo (HB 80 - 450), ehlanganisa ngokugcwele ububanzi bobunzima bezicathulo zamabhuleki zensimbi eqinile.

Ukusebenza kulula kakhulu, futhi isidingo sokuphela kobuso besampula siphansi kakhulu (ngokuvamile i-Ra 1.6 - 6.3μm yanele).

2.2 Isimiso Sokuhlolwa Kokuqina Kwe-Brinell

Isimiso singafingqwa kanje: Ibhola eliqinile le-alloy (noma ibhola lensimbi elicishiwe) elinobubanzi obungu-10mm licindezelwa ebusweni besampula ngaphansi kwamandla athile okuhlola (njenge-3000kgf). Ngemva kokulinganisa ububanzi bokugoba, inani lobulukhuni (i-HBW) libalwa ukuze lichaze ikhono lento yokumelana nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki. Inzuzo yalo eyinhloko itholakala ekumeleleni okunamandla kwemiphumela, okungabonisa izici zobulukhuni obukhulu bento. Kuyindlela yakudala esetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlolweni kokusebenza kwezinto zensimbi.

2.3 Izimpawu kanye nezincazelo ze-Brinell Hardness Value

Incazelo eyinhloko yenani lokuqina kweBrinell (HBW) yile: isilinganiso samandla okuhlola (F) endaweni yobuso be-indentation (A), neyunithi ye-MPa (kodwa ngokuvamile iyunithi ayimakiwe, futhi kusetshenziswa inani lezinombolo kuphela). Ifomula yokubala ilandelayo:HBW=πD(D−D2−d2​)2×0.102×F
Kuphi:

U-F uyisivivinyo samandla (iyunithi: N);

U-D ububanzi be-indenter (iyunithi: mm);

u-d ububanzi obumaphakathi bokugoba (iyunithi: mm);

I-coefficient “0.102″ iyisici sokuguqula esisetshenziselwa ukuguqula iyunithi yamandla okuhlola kusuka ku-kgf kuya ku-N (uma ibalwa ngqo ku-N, ifomula ingenziwa lula).

Kungabonakala kufomula ukuthi ngaphansi kwamandla okuhlola afanayo kanye nobubanzi be-indenter, lapho ububanzi be-indenter buncane, ikhono lezinto zokwemvelo lokumelana nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki liqina, futhi lapho inani lobulukhuni beBrinell liphakama, inani lobulukhuni liyancipha.

Ngokwezici zezinto ezibonakalayo zezicathulo ze-brake zensimbi ephothiwe (i-grey cast iron), imingcele yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-Brinell imvamisa ilandelayo:

Amandla okuhlola (F): Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa ama-3000kgf (29.42kN), futhi uphawu lokuqina oluhambisanayo luyi-“HBW 10/3000″.

Qaphela: Uma isampula incane noma izinto zithambile, amandla okuhlola angalungiswa (njenge-1500kgf noma i-500kgf) ngokuhambisana ne-ISO 6506-1:2014, kodwa lokhu kuzoboniswa embikweni wokuhlola.