Umhloli wobulukhuni be-Vickers usebenzisa i-indenter yedayimane, ecindezelwa ebusweni besampula ngaphansi kwamandla athile okuhlola. Yehlisa amandla okuhlola ngemva kokugcina isikhathi esibekiwe bese ulinganisa ubude obuqondile bokugoba, bese kubalwa inani lobulukhuni be-Vickers (HV) ngokwefomula.
Umphumela wokucindezela ikhanda phansi
- Ukusebenzisa amandla okuhlola: Inqubo yokucindezela ikhanda phansi iyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokudlulisela amandla okuhlola asethiwe (njenge-1kgf, 10kgf, njll.) ebusweni bezinto ezivivinyiwe nge-indenter.
- Ukwakha ukugoba: Ingcindezi yenza i-indenter ishiye ukugoba kwedayimane okucacile ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ubulukhuni bubalwa ngokulinganisa ubude obuqondile bokugoba.
Lo msebenzi usetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlolweni kobulukhuni bezinto zensimbi, amashidi amancane, izembozo, njll., ngoba unebanga elibanzi lamandla okuhlola kanye nokugoba okuncane, okufanelekela ukulinganiswa ngokunemba.
Njengomklamo ojwayelekile wesakhiwo se-Vickers hardness tester (ehlukile kohlobo lwe-workbench rising), izinzuzo "zokucindezela ikhanda phansi" ukuqonda kwe-operation logic kanye nesakhiwo se-mechanical, imininingwane elandelayo,
1. Ukusebenza okulula kakhulu, vumelana nemikhuba yomshini womuntu
Ekwakhiweni kokucindezela ikhanda phansi, umqhubi angabeka isampula ngqo ebhentshini lokusebenza elihleliwe, futhi aqedele ukuxhumana nokulayisha kwe-indenter ngekhanda phansi, ngaphandle kokulungisa njalo ukuphakama kwebhentshi lokusebenza. Lo mqondo wokusebenza "ophezulu-phansi" ufaneleka kakhulu emikhubeni yokusebenza evamile, ikakhulukazi enobungane kwabaqalayo, unganciphisa izinyathelo ezikhathazayo zokubeka isampula nokuqondanisa, unciphise amaphutha okusebenza kwabantu.
2. Ukuqina kokulayisha okuqinile, ukunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa
Isakhiwo sokucindezela ikhanda phansi sivame ukusebenzisa indlela yokulayisha eqinile (njengezinduku zesikulufu eziqondile kanye nemigqa yokuqondisa). Uma usebenzisa amandla okuhlola, ukujima kanye nesivinini sokulayisha se-indenter kulula ukulawula, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukudlidliza noma ukuvala ngomshini. Ngezinto zokunemba ezifana namashidi amancane, ukumbozwa, kanye nezingxenye ezincane, lokhu kuzinza kungagwema ukuguquguquka kokugoba okubangelwa ukulayisha okungazinzile futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu ukunemba kokulinganisa.
3. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okubanzi kwamasampula
Kumasampula amakhulu, anesimo esingajwayelekile noma anesisindo esinzima, ukwakheka kwekhanda eliya phansi akudingi ukuthi ibhentshi lokusebenzela lithwale umthwalo omkhulu noma imikhawulo yokuphakama (ibhentshi lokusebenzela lingalungiswa), futhi lidinga kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isampula lingabekwa ebhentshini lokusebenzela, "elibekezelela" kakhulu isampula. Ukwakheka kwebhentshi lokusebenzela elikhuphukayo kungase kukhawulelwe yi-stroke yokuthwala umthwalo kanye nokuphakamisa yebhentshi lokusebenzela, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuzivumelanisa namasampula amakhulu noma asindayo.
4. Ukuphindaphinda okungcono kokulinganisa
Indlela yokulayisha ezinzile kanye nenqubo yokusebenza elula kunganciphisa iphutha elibangelwa umehluko wokusebenza kwabantu (njengokuphambuka kokuqondanisa lapho kuphakanyiswa ibhentshi lokusebenza). Uma ulinganisa isampula efanayo izikhathi eziningi, isimo sokuxhumana phakathi kwe-indenter namasampula siyavumelana kakhulu, ukuphindaphindwa kwedatha kungcono, futhi ukuthembeka komphumela kuphakeme.
Ekuphetheni, umhloli wokuqina we-Vickers onekhanda eliphansi unezinzuzo eziningi ngokunethezeka, ukuzinza, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokwenza ngcono i-logic yokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo semishini, futhi ufanelekela kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezinembile, ukuhlolwa kwamasampula ezinhlobo eziningi noma izimo zokuhlola ezivame kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-16-2025
