I-Rockwell Hardness Scale :HRE HRF HRG HRH HRK

1.HRE IsivivinyoIsikalifuthiPi-rinciple:· Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRE kusebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/8-intshi ukuze ucindezele endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-100 kg, futhi inani lokuqina lento linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

① Izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo: Isebenza kakhulu ezintweni zensimbi ezithambile ezifana ne-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu nezinye izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi.

② Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezikhanyayo nama-alloys. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-cast aluminium kanye ne-die castings. ·Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

③ Izici nezinzuzo: ·Kusebenza ezintweni ezithambile: Isikali se-HRE sifaneleka ngokukhethekile izinto zensimbi ethambile futhi sinikeza ukuhlolwa kokuqina okunembile. Umthwalo ophansi: Sebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (100 kg) ukugwema ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile kwezinto ezithambile. Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola lensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindeka kakhulu.

④ Amanothi noma imikhawulo: Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Indawo yesampula idinga ukuba isicaba futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa. Imikhawulo yezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayisebenzi ezintweni eziqinile kakhulu ngoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile. Ukunakekelwa kwezisetshenziswa: Izinto zokuhlola zidinga ukulinganiswa futhi zigcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuthembeka kwesilinganiso.

2.Ukuhlolwa kwe-HRFIsikalifuthiPi-rinciple: Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRF kusebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/16-intshi ukuze ucindezele endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-60 kg, futhi inani lokuqina lento linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

① Izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo: · Isebenza kakhulu ezintweni zensimbi ezithambile namanye amapulasitiki, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ama-alloys omthofu nezinye izinto zepulasitiki ezinobulukhuni obuphansi.

② Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezikhanyayo nama-alloys. ·Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezingxenye. Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezimbonini zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi.

③ Izici nezinzuzo: Kusebenza ezintweni ezithambile: Isikali se-HRF sifaneleka ngokukhethekile izinto zensimbi nepulasitiki ezithambile, ezihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kokuqina okunembile. Umthwalo ophansi: Sebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (60 kg) ukuze ugweme ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile kwezinto ezithambile. Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola lensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindeka kakhulu.

④ Amanothi noma imikhawulo: · Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Indawo yesampula idinga ukuba isicaba futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yesilinganiso. ·Imikhawulo yezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayizilungele izinto eziqinile kakhulu njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiphe imiphumela enganembile. ·Ukunakekelwa kwezisetshenziswa: Izinto zokuhlola zidinga ukulinganisa nokugcinwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokwethembeka.

3. I-HRG Test Scale kanye Nomgomo: Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRG kusebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/16 inch ukuze icindezele endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-150 kg, futhi inquma inani lokuqina lento ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

① Izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo: Ifanele kakhulu izinto zensimbi ezimaphakathi neziqinile, njengezinsimbi ezithile, insimbi ewuketshezi kanye ne-carbide enosimende.

② Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingxenye zensimbi nezinsimbi. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathuluzi nezingxenye zemishini. Izicelo zezimboni zezinto ezinobulukhuni obuphakathi kuya kokuphezulu.

③ Izici nezinzuzo: Ububanzi obubanzi bokusebenza: Isikali se-HRG sifanele izinto zensimbi ephakathi nendawo ukuya eqinile futhi sihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kokuqina okunembile. ·Umthwalo ophakeme: Isebenzisa umthwalo ophakeme (150 kg) futhi ifanele izinto ezinobunzima obuphakeme. Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola lensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindeka kakhulu.

④ Amanothi noma imikhawulo: Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Indawo yesampula idinga ukuba isicaba futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa. Imikhawulo yezinto: Ayifanele izinto ezithambile kakhulu, njengoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase icindezele kakhulu kusampula, okuholela emiphumeleni yokulinganisa enganembile. Ukunakekelwa kwezisetshenziswa: Izinto zokuhlola zidinga ukulinganiswa futhi zigcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuthembeka kwesilinganiso.

4. I-HRH① Isikali Sokuhlola Nomgomo: Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRH kusebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/8 intshi ukuze icindezele endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-60 kg, futhi inani lokuqina lento linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

① Izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo: Ifanele kakhulu izinto zensimbi ezinobulukhuni obumaphakathi njengama-alloys ethusi, ama-alloys e-aluminium nezinye izinto zepulasitiki eziqinile.

② Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamashidi ensimbi namapayipi. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi nama-alloys. ·Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo embonini yokwakha neyezimoto.

③ Izici nezinzuzo: Ububanzi obubanzi bokusebenza: Isikali se-HRH sifanele izinto ezihlukahlukene zobulukhuni obumaphakathi, okuhlanganisa izinsimbi namapulasitiki. Umthwalo ophansi: Sebenzisa umthwalo ophansi (60 kg) ukuze uthole izinto ezithambile nezimaphakathi ukuze ugweme ukuhlehlisa ngokweqile. Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola lensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindeka kakhulu.

④ Amanothi noma imikhawulo: Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Indawo yesampula idinga ukuba isicaba futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa. Imikhawulo yezinto ezibonakalayo: Ayifanele izinto eziqinile kakhulu ngoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase yonakaliswe noma ikhiqize imiphumela engalungile. Ukunakekelwa kwezisetshenziswa: Izinto zokuhlola zidinga ukulinganiswa futhi zigcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuthembeka kwesilinganiso.

5. I-HRK Test Scale kanye Nomgomo:Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-HRK kusebenzisa i-indenter yebhola yensimbi engu-1/8 inch ukuze ucindezele endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphansi komthwalo ongu-150 kg, futhi inani lokuqina lento linqunywa ngokulinganisa ukujula kokuhlehlisa.

① Izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo: Ifanelekakhulu izinto eziqinile ezifana ne-carbides ethile enosimende, insimbi ne-cast iron. Ibuye ifanele izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi yobulukhuni obuphakathi.

② Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Ukukhiqiza nokulawula ikhwalithi yamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende nezibunjwa. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingxenye zemishini nezingxenye zesakhiwo. Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi nensimbi.

③ Izici nezinzuzo: Uhlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza: Isikali se-HRK sifanele izinto ezisukela kuzinto ezimaphakathi ukuya kweziqinile, ezihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kokuqina okunembile. Umthwalo ophezulu: Sebenzisa umthwalo ophakeme (150 kg), ofanele izinto ezinobunzima obuphakeme, ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu: I-indenter yebhola lensimbi inikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ezinzile futhi ephindaphindeka kakhulu.

④ Amanothi noma imikhawulo: Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Indawo yesampula idinga ukuba isicaba futhi ihlanzeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa. Imikhawulo yezinto ezibonakalayo: Ngezinto eziqinile kakhulu noma ezithambile, i-HRK ingase ingabi inketho efanelekile kakhulu, ngoba i-indenter yebhola yensimbi ingase icindezele kakhulu noma icindezele kancane isampula, okuholela emiphumeleni yokulinganisa enganembile. Ukunakekelwa kwezisetshenziswa: Izinto zokuhlola zidinga ukulinganiswa futhi zigcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuthembeka kwesilinganiso.