Ekwenziweni kwanamuhla, ubulukhuni bezingxenye buyinkomba eyinhloko yokukala ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwazo, okubalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ezifana nezimoto, i-aerospace, kanye nokucubungula imishini. Lapho ubhekene nokuhlolwa kokuqina kobukhulu bezingxenye, imodi yendabuko yamadivayisi amaningi, imodi yokusebenza eyenziwe ngezandla ayisebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ijwayele ukuba namaphutha abantu, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sokuhlolwa kokukhiqiza. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuzenzakalelayo kwezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile, ukuvela kwabahloli bokuqina abasha kunikeze indlela ephumelelayo yokuxazulula lezi zinkinga. Imishini yokuhlola ehlakaniphile emelwe izihloli zokuqina eziphakamisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinamakhanda okulinganisa kancane kancane iba umsizi onamandla wokulawula ikhwalithi embonini yokukhiqiza.
1. Amaphuzu angukhiye wokukhetha umhloli wokuqina we-Rockwell
( 1 ) Ukuhlola ukuzivumelanisa nezimo
Izimboni ezahlukene kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxenye zinezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlola ubulukhuni. Isibonelo, izingxenye ezibalulekile zezinjini zezimoto zidinga ukunemba kokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza ngaphansi kokusebenza komthwalo omkhulu; kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kwezinye izingxenye ezijwayelekile zomshini kugxile kakhulu ekuhloleni ukusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha umhloli wokuqina, kufanele uqale ucacise impahla, ubukhulu, ukuma kanye nobunzima bezingxenye ezizohlolwa. Ezingxenyeni ezinobubanzi obubanzi bobulukhuni, kufanele ukhethe isihloli sokuqina se-Rockwell esingashintsha phakathi kwezikali ezihlukene, njengezikali ezivamile ze-HRA, i-HRB, i-HRC, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuhlola ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ucabangela ubukhulu kanye nokuma kwezingxenye, uma kuyingxenye encane yokunemba, udinga ukukhetha umhloli wokuqina ngekhanda lokulinganisa eliphezulu elingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi; ngezingxenye ezinkulu, kufanele unake isikhala sokulinganisa kanye nomthamo wokuthwala womhloli wokuqina ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlolwa kungaqedwa kahle.
( 2 ) Izinga lokuzenzakalelayo
Ukuxazulula inkinga yokungasebenzi kahle ekuhlolweni kwenqwaba, izinga lokuzenzakalela komhloli wokuqina liyisici esibalulekile. Ngaphezu kokuphothulwa okuzenzakalelayo komsebenzi womjikelezo wokuhlola ubulukhuni wekhanda lokulinganisa ukuphakamisa ubulukhuni othomathikhi, ukunakwa kufanele futhi kukhokhwe ukuthi unomthwalo ozenzakalelayo wokulayisha nokulayisha umsebenzi. Ngokuhlanganisa ingalo yerobhothi ezenzakalelayo noma isistimu yebhande lokuhambisa, ukulayishwa okuzenzakalelayo nokukhishwa kwezingxenye kungafinyelelwa, kuncishiswe ngokwengeziwe ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhloli wokuqina ozenzakalelayo kufanele futhi abe nomsebenzi wokulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo, futhi okokusebenza kufanele kukalwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokungaguquguquki kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa futhi kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuhlolwa obubangelwa amaphutha emishini.
( 3 ) Ukuzinza nokuqina kwemishini
Ngenxa yokuqina okuphezulu kokuhlolwa kwenqwaba, isihloli sokuqina sidinga ukusebenza ngokuzinza isikhathi eside. Lapho sikhetha imodeli, kufanele sinake inqubo yokukhiqiza nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, futhi sikhethe isihloli sokuqina esisebenzisa izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinembayo ukuze siqinisekise ukuzinza nokuqina kwayo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunethezeka kokugcinwa kwemishini akufanele kunganakwa. Izingxenye okulula ukuzihlakaza nokuzishintsha, kanye nohlelo olucacile lokuhlola amaphutha lunganciphisa izindleko zokunakekela kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula semishini futhi kuqinisekise ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wokuhlola.
2. Izinzuzo zomhloli wokuqina wokuphakamisa okuzenzakalelayo
( 1 ) Ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlanganiswa komugqa wokukhiqiza
Isihloli sokuqina esinekhanda lokulinganisa eliphakamisayo ngokuzenzekelayo singangeniswa kalula emugqeni wokukhiqiza, kodwa sisekhona indawo yokuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kwaso nolayini wokukhiqiza. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo, umhloli wokuqina ungaxhunywa ngaphandle komthungo nezinye izinto zokusebenza kulayini wokukhiqiza ngomklamo owenziwe ngokwezifiso. Isibonelo, ingaxhunyaniswa nemishini yokucubungula izingxenye ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqina ngokushesha ngemva kokuqedwa kokucubungula izingxenye, ukuze kutholwe izinkinga zekhwalithi kusenesikhathi futhi kugwenywe imikhiqizo engafanelekile ukuthi ingagelezi kunqubo elandelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isivinini sokuthola kanye nemodi yokusebenza yomhloli wokuqina kungalungiswa ngokuvumelana nesakhiwo kanye nesigqi sokukhiqiza somugqa wokukhiqiza ukuze kuzuzwe izinga eliphezulu lokufanisa phakathi kwenqubo yokuthola kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphelele.
( 2 ) Ukuhlola ubulukhuni be-inthanethi kusebenza kahle, konga amandla futhi konga isikhathi.
1. Ukutholwa okusizwa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa: Kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bobuhlakani bokwenziwa, umhloli wokuqina unikezwe amakhono okuhlaziya ahlakaniphile. Ngokufunda nokuhlaziya inani elikhulu ledatha yokuhlola yomlando, imodeli yokuhlobanisa phakathi kokuqina nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza zezingxenye (njengamandla, ukumelana nokugqoka, njll.) iyasungulwa. Uma kutholwa ubulukhuni obungajwayelekile, isistimu ingasho ngokuzenzakalelayo izinkinga zekhwalithi ezingaba khona futhi inikeze iziphakamiso ezihambisanayo zokuthuthukisa ukusiza ochwepheshe bathole ngokushesha umsuka wenkinga futhi bathuthukise inqubo yokukhiqiza. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezinto ukuze ubone ukugadwa okukude nokuxilongwa komhloli wokuqina. Ama-opharetha angabuka isimo sokusebenza, idatha yokuhlola namapharamitha wempahla yesihloli sokuqina ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi etheminali afana nomakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha. Uma okokusebenza kwehluleka, isistimu ingathumela ngokuzenzakalelayo umlayezo we-alamu, futhi ngomsebenzi wokuxilongwa kwerimothi, isize ochwepheshe ukuba baxazulule ngokushesha imbangela yokwehluleka, benze ukunakekelwa okukude noma baqondise ukunakekelwa kwendawo, banciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi, futhi bathuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwemishini. Ukuhlola ku-inthanethi kulula futhi kuyashesha, nokuhlola ubulukhuni beqoqo. Kwezinye izimo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlolwa kokuqina okukodwa kwe-Rockwell kungase kungakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Ngakho-ke, isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell esiphakamisa ngokuzenzakalela esinekhanda lokulinganisa singasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nesihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-inthanethi se-manipulator. Lo mshini ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa ngokuya ngezidingo ezihlukene zokutholwa kwezingxenye futhi unikeze ukwesekwa kwedatha okuphelele kakhulu kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-22-2025
