Mina.Ukulungiselela Ukuhlolwa
1. Ubukhulu besampula elungisiwe akufanele bube ngaphansi kokujula kokugoba okuphindwe kasishiyagalombili (ngokuvamile ≥10mm) ukuvimbela ukugoba ekungeneni kwesampula noma ukuthintelwa ukusekelwa kwendawo engezansi.
2. Gqoka amagilavu okuzivikela ngesikhathi sokuphatha ukuze ugweme ukuthintana ngqo phakathi kweminwe kanye nobuso besampula, okungase kubangele ukungcola noma imihuzuko.
3. Uma amasampula ahlukene kudingeka ahlukaniswe, maka izinombolo ezilandelanayo endaweni engavivinywanga ukuze uvimbele ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yokugoba.
4. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinto zesampula zihambisana nezinto ze-indenter (isb., kudingeka i-tungsten carbide indenter ezintweni zokuqina okuphezulu) ukuze ugweme ukuguguleka ngokweqile kwe-indenter noma ukuqhekeka kwesampula.
II. Izinqubo Zokusebenza
1. Ukuqala Kwemishini Nokuzihlola
Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi intambo kagesi yemishini ixhunywe kahle, yixhume kusokhethi yamandla engu-220V, 50/60Hz bese uvula iswishi yamandla yangemuva. Imishini izokwenza ukuzihlola, isikrini sokubonisa sizokhanya futhi sibonise isikhombikubona sokuqala. Ngemva kokuzihlola sekuqediwe, imishini izosetha kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ingene esimweni sokulinda ukuze isebenze.
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2. Ukufakwa Nokugunyazwa Kwe-Indenter
Ngokusekelwe ezicini zezinto ezizohlolwa, khetha i-indenter yebhola le-carbide eliqinisiwe enobukhulu obufanele (φ2.5, 5, 10 mm). Hlanza uwoyela wokulwa nokugqwala ngotshwala bese uwusula uphelele kahle ngendwangu ehlanzekile yekotini. Faka i-indenter emgodini we-spindle bese ujikelezisa isikulufu sokulungisa ukuze silingane nengxenye eyisicaba ye-indenter shank, uqinisekise ukufakwa okuqinile. Bese ukhetha ipulatifomu yokuhlola (ipulatifomu enkulu eyisicaba, ipulatifomu encane eyisicaba, ipulatifomu enomumo we-V) ngokwesimo sesampula, beka isampula ngokuqinile nangokuqinile, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ihlanzekile futhi ayinazo izinto ezingcolile.
3. Hlola Ukukhethwa Kwamandla Nokusethwa
I-HB-3000C Electronic Brinell Hardness Tester inikeza amazinga ayi-10 amandla okuhlola anembile (asukela ku-612.9 N kuya ku-29421 N). Umsebenzisi angakhetha izinga lamandla adingekayo esikrinini sokuthinta esingu-8-intshi ngokwezidingo zokuhlola, futhi umhloli uzolungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izisindo ukuze afinyelele amandla okuhlola asethiwe.
Okwamanje, isikhathi sokuhlala singasethwa kusukela kumasekhondi angu-0 kuya kwangu-60 esikrinini sokuthinta ngokusekelwe ezicini zezinto ezibonakalayo. Kwezinto ezijwayelekile, isikhathi sokuhlala esinconywayo singamasekhondi angu-10-15.
4. Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina KweBrinell
Beka i-workpiece ebhentshini lokusebenza, bese uzungeza isondo lesandla ngokwewashi ngesivinini esizinzile nesilinganayo ukuze uphakamise isigaba sesampula. Yeka ukujikeleza ngokushesha uma isandi sizwakala lapho isampula sithinta i-indenter.
Umhloli uzoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhlolwa, okuhlanganisa ukufaka, ukubamba, nokukhipha amandla okuhlola ayinhloko ngokulandelana ukuze kwakheke ukugoba. Bese ujikelezisa isondo lesandla ngendlela ephambene newashi ukuze wehlise isigaba sesampula bese ususa isampula evivinyiwe.
5. Ukulinganisa Ukuqina Kokuqina Kwe-Brinell
Susa isampula, lapho kuzobonakala khona ukugoba okuyisiyingi. Kala ububanzi bokugoba usebenzisa imakroskopu yokulinganisa engu-20×, bese ufaka inani elilinganisiwe kuphaneli ye-hB-3000C Brinell Hardness Tester. Uhlelo luzobala ngokuzenzakalelayo inani lobulukhuni ngokusekelwe kufomula esethiwe.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lokulinganisa lwe-Brinell oluzikhethela luyatholakala. Lolu hlelo luthwebula isithombe sokufakwa kwe-indent ngenzwa ye-CCD, futhi inani lobulukhuni lilinganiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi liboniswe yikhompyutha.
6. Ukuqoshwa Kwedatha Nokukhiqizwa Kwemibiko
Ngemva kokuthi ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, umqhubi angabuka idatha eningiliziwe esikrinini sokuthinta, okuhlanganisa amanani obulukhuni, ububanzi bokunwebeka, kanye nolwazi lwezibalo (inani eliphezulu, inani eliphansi, inani elimaphakathi, njll.). Idatha ingagcinwa kumemori yangaphakathi yomhloli noma kudivayisi yokugcina i-USB yangaphandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe yokuhlola ingakhiqiza ngokuzenzakalelayo umbiko we-Word oqukethe idatha yokulinganisa, imiphumela yezibalo kanye nezithombe, ezingaphrintwa noma zithunyelwe ngaphandle ngumsebenzisi.
III.Ukugcinwa kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuqapha
1. Ngemva kokuthi ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, khipha wonke amandla okuhlola, khetha inketho yokuvala esikrinini sokuthinta, bese uvala inkinobho yamandla emishini.
2. Uma imishini ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, nqamula ikhebula likagesi, susa izingxenye ezifana ne-indenter kanye nezisindo, zihlanze kahle, bese uzigcina kahle ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ukuze uvimbele umonakalo noma ukulahleka.
3. Hlanza futhi ulungise imishini njalo. Hlola isimo sokuguguleka kwezingxenye okuhlanganisa i-indenter kanye nezisindo, bese ushintsha noma yiziphi izingxenye ezonakele noma ezigugile kakhulu ngesikhathi. Gcina indawo yokusebenza yemishini ihlanzekile futhi yomile ukuze ugweme umonakalo obangelwa uthuli, umswakama, noma ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.
4. Gqoka izinto zokuzivikela ezidingekayo (isib. izibuko zokuphepha namagilavu okuzivikela) ngesikhathi sokusebenza ukuze uvimbele ukulimala komuntu ezigamekweni eziyingozi.
5. Sebenzisa imishini ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko zokusebenza. Ungashintshi izilungiselelo zamapharamitha noma izinqubo zokusebenza zemishini ngokungenanjongo, ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
6. Uma imishini ingasebenzi kahle noma izimo ezingavamile, yeka ukusebenza ngokushesha bese uvala ugesi, bese uxhumana nabasebenzi bokulungisa abangochwepheshe ukuze bahlolwe futhi balungiswe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-16-2026
