Ukwelashwa kokushisa komhlaba kwehlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: enye ingabe i-surcing ebuhlungu nomoya ovuthayo, kanti enye ingukulashwa okushisa kwamakhemikhali. Indlela yokuhlola kanzima imi ngalendlela elandelayo:
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Ukuqedwa komhlaba nokwelashwa okushisa okulangangezelayo kuvame ukwenziwa ngokufudumeza okufudumele noma ukufudumala kwelangabi. Amapharamitha aphambili obuchwepheshe ubulukhuni bendawo, ubulukhuni bendawo kanye nokujula kwesendlalelo okuqinile okuthuthukile. I-Vickers Hardness Tester noma umhloli wobulukhuni we-Rocwell angasetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kanzima. Amandla okuhlola Ukukhethwa kuhlobene nokujula kwesendlalelo esithuthukile esithuthukile kanye nobulukhuni bendawo yokusebenza. Kunemishini emithathu yobulukhuni ebandakanyeka lapha.
. Ingasebenzisa amandla okuhlola angu-0.5-100kg ukuvivinya ungqimba oluqinile lwe-harding njengoba lincane njengo-0.05mm obukhulu. Ukunemba kwaso kuphakeme futhi kungahlukanisa izisebenzi eziphathwa ukushisa. Umehluko omncane ngobulukhuni, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kwesendlalelo esivuthayo esisebenzayo kutholakala nomhloli we-hardness we-vickers, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa ubuqili be-vickers Hardener for amayunithi wokwelashwa noma basebenzise inani elikhulu lokushisa ukushisa komhlaba.
. Kunezikali ezintathu ze-Surface Hartness Testers ongakhetha kuzo. Ingavivinya imisebenzi evuthayo evuthayo eqinile ebusweni obuqinile obukhuni obuqinisile be-0.1mm. Yize ukunemba kwe-Surfal Rocwell Hurneness Tesser akuphezulu kwaleyo enobuqili be-Heaver Hardness Hurness, kungenzeka ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo njengendlela yokutholwa yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi neziqu zokuhlolwa kweziqu zeziqu zokushisa izitshalo. .Besusides, futhi inezici zokusebenza okulula, ukusetshenziswa okulula, intengo ephansi, ukukalwa okusheshayo, nokufundwa okuqondile kwamanani elukhuni. Umhloli wobulukhuni we-Surface Rocwell angasetshenziswa masinyane futhi angawonakalisi abone ama-batch of arvice aphethwe ukushisa ngamunye ngamunye. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwensimbi kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza imishini. Lapho ukwelashwa kokushisa komhlaba kuqina ungqimba lukhuni, i-rockwell hardness tester nayo ingasetshenziswa. Lapho ukushuba kwe-Heat Treatner Hardness Hardness upredness kungu-0.4-0.8mm, isikali se-HRA singasetshenziswa. Lapho ukujula kwesendlalelo oluqinile lapho kudlula u-0.8mm, isilinganiselo sakwa-HRC singasetshenziswa. Ama-Vickers, ama-rocwell kanye ne-superficial Rocwell Amanani Asezingeni elijwayelekile kathathu angaguqulwa kalula, aguqulwe abe ngamazinga, imidwebo noma amanani alukhuni noma itafula lokuguqula elihambisanayo liku-International Standard ISO. I-American Standard ASTM kanye ne-Chinese ejwayelekile ye-GB / T inikezwe.
. Lapho ukukala, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe endaweni yokuqedwa komhlaba kanye nobukhulu obuphelele bokusebenza. Le ndlela yokulinganisa ayinawo amaVickers ne-Rocwell Inhloli ye-Hardness inembile, kepha ilungele ukukalwa esizeni efektri.
2. Ukwelashwa okushisa kwamakhemikhali
Ukwelashwa okushisa kwamakhemikhali ukungenelela ingaphezulu kobuso bokusebenza ngama-athomu ento eyodwa noma eziningana zamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukwakheka kanye nokusebenza kobuso bendawo yokusebenza. Ngemuva kokucimana nokushisa okuphansi okuphansi, ingaphezulu lesisebenzi sendawo elinamandla linobulukhuni obuphezulu futhi bagqoke ukumelana. Futhi thintana nokukhathala, futhi umnyombo wesisebenzi sokusebenza unamandla aphezulu nokuqina. Amapharamitha aphambili obuchwepheshe bokushisa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali ukujula kwesendlalelo esilukhuni nobulukhuni bendawo. Ibanga lapho ubulukhuni behla ku-50hrc luwukujula kwesendlalelo okuthuthukile okuthuthukile. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bendawo yokushisa okushisayo kwamakhemikhali kufana nokuhlolwa kobulukhuni bobunzima obucishiwe komhlaba ocijile ukushisa kwemisebenzi. Abahloli bakaHardness Burveners, abahloli bukaHard Burgwer Umhloli we-Harveness ukuthola, ukushuba kuphela kwe-nitring mnene nje, ngokuvamile kungabi ngaphezu kwe-0.7mm, khona-ke umhloli wobulukhuni be-Rocwell akakwazi ukusetshenziswa
3. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwasendaweni
Uma izingxenye zokushisa zokushisa zasendaweni zidinga ubulukhuni obuphakeme bendawo, ukwelashwa okushisa kwasendaweni kungenziwa ngokufudumeza kwe-induction, njll. Inani lezingxenye zendawo ngokuqothula, ithuluzi lokuhlola kanzima lingasebenzisa umhloli wobulukhuni be-HRC ukuvivinya ubulukhuni be-HRC. Uma ukwelashwa okushisa lukhuni ungqimba oluqinile lujulile, umhloli wobulukhuni we-rocwell angasetshenziswa ukuvivinya inani le-HRN hardness value.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-22-2023
