Ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: esisodwa esokucisha indawo kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okupholile, kanti esinye esokwelashwa kokushisa ngamakhemikhali.Indlela yokuhlola ubulukhuni imi kanje:
1. ukucisha ubuso kanye nokwelapha ukushisa okushisa
Ukucisha ubuso nokwelashwa kokushisa kokushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokufudumeza kwe-induction noma ukushisisa ilangabi.Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe eyinhloko ubulukhuni bobuso, ubulukhuni bendawo kanye nokujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.I-Vickers hardness tester noma i-Rockwell hardness tester ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubulukhuni.Amandla okuhlola Ukukhethwa kuhlobene nokujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo kanye nobulukhuni bobuso bomsebenzi wokusebenza.Kunemishini emithathu yokuqina ehilelekile lapha.
(1) I-Vickers tester hardness iyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ubulukhuni bezinto zokusebenza ezilashwe ngokushisa.Ingasebenzisa amandla okuhlola angu-0.5-100KG ukuze ihlole isendlalelo esiqina phezulu sibe mncane njengo-0.05mm ubukhulu.Ukunemba kwayo kuphezulu futhi ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-workpieces aphethwe ukushisa.Umehluko omncane wokuqina kobuso, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kongqimba oluqinile oluqinile kubuye kubonwe ngumhloli wokuqina we-Vickers, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa umhloli wokuqina we-Vickers wamayunithi enza ukucubungula ukushisa okungaphezulu noma ukusebenzisa inombolo enkulu. yezinto zokusebenza zokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu.
(2) I-surface Rockwell tester yobulukhuni nayo ifaneleka kakhulu ukuhlola ubulukhuni bomsebenzi ocishiwe ongaphezulu.Kunezikali ezintathu ze-Rockwell hardness tester ongakhetha kuzo.Ingavivinya ama-workpieces aqinile angaphezulu okujulile kongqimba oluqinile oludlula u-0.1mm.Nakuba ukunemba kwesihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singekho phezulu njengalokho kwe-Vickers tester hardness, isingakwazi kakade ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko njengendlela yokuthola yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kwezitshalo zokwelapha ukushisa..Ngaphandle kwalokho, iphinde ibe nezici zokusebenza okulula, ukusetshenziswa okulula, intengo ephansi, ukulinganisa okusheshayo, nokufunda ngokuqondile amanani obunzima.Isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa ukuthola ngokushesha nangokungonakali amaqoqo amaqoqo okusebenza aphethwe ukushisa ngakunye.Kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezikhiqiza insimbi nezikhiqiza imishini.Lapho ungqimba oluqinile lokwelashwa kokushisa kwamanzi luwugqinsi, isihloli sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujiya kongqimba lobulukhuni bokwelapha ukushisa kungu-0.4-0.8mm, isikali se-HRA singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujula kongqimba oluqinile Uma kudlula u-0.8mm, isikali se-HRC singasetshenziswa.I-Vickers, i-Rockwell kanye ne-Rockwell ekha phezulu amanani ajwayelekile wokuqina amathathu angaguqulelwa kalula kwelinye, aguqulelwe abe amazinga, imidwebo noma amanani okuqina adingwa abasebenzisi, futhi ithebula lokuguqulwa elihambisanayo liku-ISO ejwayelekile yamazwe ngamazwe.I-ASTM ejwayelekile yaseMelika kanye ne-GB/T ejwayelekile yaseShayina inikeziwe.
(3) Uma ukujiya kongqimba oluqinile oluphathwe ngokushisa bungaphezu kuka-0.2mm, isihloli sokuqina se-Leeb singasetshenziswa, kodwa inzwa yohlobo lwe-C idinga ukukhethwa.Lapho kulinganiswa, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuqedeni okungaphezulu kanye nobukhulu obuphelele be-workpiece.Le ndlela yokulinganisa ayinayo i-Vickers ne-Rockwell Isihloli sokuqina sinembile, kodwa sifanele ukukalwa kwendawo efektri.
2. ukwelashwa ukushisa kwamakhemikhali
Ukwelashwa kokushisa ngamakhemikhali kuwukungena endaweni yokusebenza ngama-athomu ento eyodwa noma eziningana zamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kuguqule ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukwakheka nokusebenza kobuso bomsebenzi.Ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa okuphansi kokushisa, ingaphezulu le-workpiece linobunzima obukhulu nokumelana nokugqoka.kanye namandla okukhathala othintana naye, futhi umnyombo we-workpiece unamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina.Imingcele eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe bomsebenzi wokwelapha ukushisa kwamakhemikhali ukujula kongqimba oluqinile kanye nobulukhuni bobuso.Ibanga lapho ubulukhuni behla bufika ku-50HRC wukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kobuso bezinto zokusebenza eziphathwe ukushisa ngamakhemikhali kuyafana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingxenye zokusebenza ezilashwe ngokushisa okungaphezulu.Abahloli bokuqina be-Vickers, abahloli bokuqina be-Rockwell bangaphandle noma abahloli bokuqina be-Rockwell bangasetshenziswa.Umhloli wokuqina ukuze kutholwe, ukushuba kuphela kwe-nitriding thicker, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kuka-0.7mm, khona-ke umhloli wokuqina we-Rockwell awukwazi ukusetshenziswa.
3. ukwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo
Uma izingxenye zokwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo zidinga ubulukhuni obuphezulu bendawo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kungenziwa ngokushisisa okungeniswayo, njll. Izingxenye ezinjalo ngokuvamile zidinga ukumaka indawo yokwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kanye nenani lobulukhuni bendawo emdwebeni, kanye nobulukhuni. Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye kufanele kwenziwe endaweni ekhethiwe, ithuluzi lokuhlola ubulukhuni lingasebenzisa umhloli wobulukhuni be-Rockwell ukuhlola inani lobulukhuni be-HRC.Uma isendlalelo esiqinile sokwelashwa kokushisa singashoni, isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa ukuhlola inani lobulukhuni be-HRN.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-22-2023
