Ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: eyodwa iwukucisha phezulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okupholile, kanti enye iwukwelapha ukushisa ngamakhemikhali.Indlela yokuhlola ubulukhuni imi kanje:
1. ukucisha ubuso kanye nokwelapha ukushisa okushisa
Ukucisha ubuso nokwelashwa kokushisa kokushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokufudumeza kwe-induction noma ukushisisa ilangabi.Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe eyinhloko ubulukhuni bobuso, ubulukhuni bendawo kanye nokujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.I-Vickers tester hardness noma i-Rockwell hardness tester ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubulukhuni.Amandla okuhlola Ukukhethwa kuhlobene nokujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo kanye nobulukhuni bobuso bomsebenzi wokusebenza.Kunemishini emithathu yokuqina ehilelekile lapha.
(1) Isihloli sokuqina kwe-Vickers siyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bezinto zokusebenza ezilashwe ngokushisa.Ingasebenzisa amandla okuhlola angu-0.5-100KG ukuze ihlole isendlalelo esiqina phezulu sibe mncane njengo-0.05mm ubukhulu.Ukunemba kwayo kuphezulu futhi ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-workpieces aphethwe ukushisa.Umehluko omncane wokuqina kobuso, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kwesendlalelo esiqinile esiqinile sitholwa futhi isihloli sokuqina kokuqina kwe-Vickers, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Vickers kumayunithi enza ukucubungula ukushisa okungaphezulu noma asebenzise inombolo enkulu. yezinto zokusebenza zokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu.
(2) I-surface Rockwell yokuhlola ubulukhuni nayo ifaneleka kakhulu ukuhlola ubulukhuni bomsebenzi ocishiwe ongaphezulu.Kunezikali ezintathu zokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Rockwell ongakhetha kuzo.Ingakwazi ukuhlola ama-workpieces aqinile angaphezulu okujula kongqimba oluqinile okudlula u-0.1mm.Nakuba ukunemba kwesihloli sokuqina kokuqina kwe-Rockwell kuphezulu njengalokho kokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Vickers, isingakwazi kakade ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko njengendlela yokuthola yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kwezitshalo zokwelapha ukushisa..Ngaphandle kwalokho, iphinde ibe nezici zokusebenza okulula, ukusetshenziswa okulula, intengo ephansi, ukulinganisa okusheshayo, nokufunda ngokuqondile amanani obunzima.Isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa ukuthola ngokushesha nangokungonakali amaqoqo amaqoqo okusebenza aphethwe ukushisa ngakunye.Kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezikhiqiza insimbi nezikhiqiza imishini.Lapho ungqimba oluqinile lokwelashwa kokushisa kwamanzi luwugqinsi, isihloli sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujiya kongqimba lobulukhuni bokwelapha ukushisa kungu-0.4-0.8mm, isikali se-HRA singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujula kongqimba oluqinile Uma kudlula u-0.8mm, isikali se-HRC singasetshenziswa.I-Vickers, i-Rockwell kanye ne-Rockwell ekha phezulu amanani ajwayelekile wokuqina amathathu angaguqulwa kalula abe elinye nelinye, aguqulelwe abe amazinga, imidwebo noma amanani okuqina adingwa abasebenzisi, futhi ithebula lokuguqulwa elihambisanayo liku-ISO ejwayelekile yamazwe ngamazwe.I-ASTM ejwayelekile yaseMelika kanye ne-GB/T ejwayelekile yaseShayina inikeziwe.
(3) Uma ukujiya kongqimba oluqinile oluphathwe ngokushisa bungaphezu kuka-0.2mm, isihloli sokuqina se-Leeb singasetshenziswa, kodwa inzwa yohlobo lwe-C idinga ukukhethwa.Lapho kulinganiswa, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuqedeni okungaphezulu kanye nobukhulu obuphelele be-workpiece.Le ndlela yokulinganisa ayinayo i-Vickers kanye ne-Rockwell Isihloli sokuqina sinembile, kodwa sifanele ukukalwa kwendawo efektri.
2. ukwelashwa ukushisa kwamakhemikhali
Ukwelashwa kokushisa ngamakhemikhali kuwukungena endaweni yokusebenza ngama-athomu ento eyodwa noma eziningana zamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kuguqule ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukwakheka nokusebenza kwendawo yokusebenza.Ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa okuphansi kokushisa, ingaphezulu le-workpiece linobunzima obukhulu nokumelana nokugqoka.kanye namandla okukhathala othintana naye, futhi umnyombo we-workpiece unamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina.Imingcele eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe bomsebenzi wokwelapha ukushisa kwamakhemikhali ukujula kongqimba oluqinile kanye nobulukhuni bobuso.Ibanga lapho ubulukhuni behla bufika ku-50HRC wukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kobuso bezinto zokusebenza eziphathwe ukushisa ngamakhemikhali kufana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingxenye zokusebenza eziphathwe ukushisa ezicishiwe.Izivivinyo zokuqina kokuqina kwe-Vickers, izivivinyo zokuqina kokuqina kwe-Rockwell noma izivivinyo zokuqina kokuqina kwe-Rockwell zingasetshenziswa.Isihloli sokuqina ukuze sibonwe, ukujiya kuphela kwe-nitriding thicker, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kuka-0.7mm, khona-ke umhloli wokuqina we-Rockwell awukwazi ukusetshenziswa.
3. ukwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo
Uma izingxenye zokwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo zidinga ubulukhuni obuphezulu bendawo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kungenziwa ngokushisisa okungeniswayo, njll. Izingxenye ezinjalo ngokuvamile zidinga ukumaka indawo yokwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kanye nenani lobulukhuni bendawo emdwebeni, kanye nobulukhuni. ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye kufanele kwenziwe endaweni emisiwe, ithuluzi lokuhlola ubulukhuni lingasebenzisa umhloli wokuqina we-Rockwell ukuhlola inani lobulukhuni be-HRC.Uma isendlalelo esiqinile sokwelashwa kokushisa singashoni, isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziselwa ukuhlola inani lokuqina kwe-HRN.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-22-2023
