Ukwelashwa kokushisa okukha phezulu kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: eyodwa iwukucisha okukha phezulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okupholile, kanti enye iwukwelapha ukushisa ngamakhemikhali.Indlela yokuhlola ubulukhuni imi kanje:
1. ukucisha okukha phezulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okushisa
ukucisha okungaphezulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokufudumeza kwe-induction noma ukushisa kwelangabi.Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe eyinhloko ubulukhuni obungalé, ubulukhuni bendawo kanye nokujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.I-Vickers hardness tester noma i-Rockwell hardness tester ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubulukhuni.Amandla okuhlola Ukukhethwa kuhlobene nokujula kongqimba oluqinile oluqinile kanye nobulukhuni obuphezulu bomsebenzi wokusebenza.Kunemishini emithathu yokuqina ehilelekile lapha.
(1) I-Vickers tester hardness iyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ubulukhuni obukha phezulu bezinto zokusebenza ezifakwe ukushisa.Ingasebenzisa amandla okuhlola angu-0.5-100KG ukuze ihlole isendlalelo esiqinile esibonakala sincane njengobukhulu obungu-0.05mm.Ukunemba kwayo kuphezulu futhi ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-workpieces aphethwe ukushisa.Umehluko omncane ebukhuni obuphezulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kongqimba oluqinile oluqinile kubuye kubonwe ngumhloli wokuqina we-Vickers, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa umhloli wokuqina we-Vickers wamayunithi enza ukucubungula ukushisa okungaphezulu noma asebenzise inombolo enkulu. yezinto zokusebenza zokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu.
(2) I-Rockwell hardness tester nayo ifaneleka kakhulu ekuhloleni ubulukhuni bocwephe olucishiwe.Kunezikali ezintathu zokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Rockwell ongakhetha kuzo.Ingahlola izingcezu zokusebenza eziqinile eziqinile ezinongqimba oluqinile olusebenza ngempumelelo oludlula u-0.1mm.Nakuba ukunemba kwesihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singekho phezulu njengaleso sokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Vickers, singakwazi kakade ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko njengendlela yokuthola yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kwezitshalo zokwelapha ukushisa..Ngaphandle kwalokho, iphinde ibe nezici zokusebenza okulula, ukusetshenziswa okulula, intengo ephansi, ukulinganisa okusheshayo, nokufunda ngokuqondile amanani obunzima.Isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa ukuthola ngokushesha nangokungonakali amaqoqo amaqoqo okusebenza aphethwe ukushisa ngakunye ngayinye.Kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezikhiqiza insimbi nezikhiqiza imishini.Lapho ungqimba oluqinile lokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu luwugqinsi, isihloli sokuqina se-Rockwell singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujiya kongqimba lobulukhuni bokwelapha ukushisa kungu-0.4-0.8mm, isikali se-HRA singasetshenziswa.Uma ukujula kongqimba oluqinile Uma kudlula u-0.8mm, isikali se-HRC singasetshenziswa.I-Vickers, i-Rockwell kanye ne-Rockwell ekha phezulu amanani ajwayelekile wokuqina amathathu angaguqulelwa kalula kwelinye, aguqulelwe abe amazinga, imidwebo noma amanani okuqina adingwa abasebenzisi, futhi ithebula lokuguqulwa elihambisanayo liku-ISO ejwayelekile yamazwe ngamazwe.I-ASTM ejwayelekile yaseMelika kanye ne-GB/T ejwayelekile yaseShayina inikeziwe.
(3) Uma ukujiya kongqimba oluqinile oluphethwe ukushisa bungaphezu kuka-0.2mm, isihloli sokuqina se-Leeb singasetshenziswa, kodwa inzwa yohlobo lwe-C idinga ukukhethwa.Lapho ukala, kufanele kuqashelwe ekugcineni okukha phezulu kanye nobukhulu obuphelele be-workpiece.Le ndlela yokulinganisa ayinayo i-Vickers ne-Rockwell Isihloli sokuqina sinembile, kodwa sifanele ukukalwa kwendawo efektri.
2 ukwelashwa ukushisa kwamakhemikhali
Ukwelashwa kokushisa ngamakhemikhali kuwukungena ngaphandle kwendawo yokusebenza ngama-athomu e-elementi yekhemikhali eyodwa noma amaningana, ngaleyo ndlela kuguqule ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukwakheka nokusebenza kokungaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza.Ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa okuphansi kokushisa, okungaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza kunobunzima obukhulu nokumelana nokugqoka.kanye namandla okukhathala othintana naye, futhi umnyombo we-workpiece unamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina.Imingcele eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe bomsebenzi wokwelapha ukushisa kwamakhemikhali ukujula kongqimba oluqinile kanye nobulukhuni obungaphandle.Ibanga lapho ubulukhuni behla bufika ku-50HRC wukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.Ukuhlolwa kokuqina okukha phezulu kwezingxenye zokusebenza eziphathwe ukushisa ngamakhemikhali kufana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwezingcezu zokusebenza eziphathwe ukushisa ezicishiwe.Abahloli bokuqina be-Vickers, abahloli bokuqina be-Rockwell abaphezulu noma abahloli bokuqina be-Rockwell bangasetshenziswa.Umhloli wokuqina ukuze kutholwe, ukushuba kuphela kwe-nitriding thicker, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kuka-0.7mm, khona-ke umhloli wokuqina we-Rockwell awukwazi ukusetshenziswa.
3. ukwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo
Uma izingxenye zokwelashwa kokushisa kwendawo zidinga ubulukhuni obuphezulu bendawo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kungenziwa ngokushisisa okungeniswayo, njll. Izingxenye ezinjalo ngokuvamile zidinga ukumaka indawo yokwelashwa kokushisa kokucisha kwendawo kanye nenani lobulukhuni bendawo emdwebeni, kanye nobulukhuni. Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye kufanele kwenziwe endaweni ekhethiwe, ithuluzi lokuhlola ubulukhuni lingasebenzisa umhloli wobulukhuni be-Rockwell ukuhlola inani lobulukhuni be-HRC.Uma ungqimba oluqinile lokwelapha ukushisa lungajulile, isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa ukuhlola inani lobulukhuni be-HRN.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-16-2023
